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Solution annealing treatments are applied to a series of alloy steel and stainless steel compositions. Solution annealing of 300 series stainless steel castings produces a uniform microstructure free of carbides in the microstructure. Solution annealing of precipitation hardening cast and … Continue reading →

Austenitic stainless steels have high ductility, low yield stress and relatively high ultimate tensile strength, when compare to a typical carbon steel. A carbon steel on cooling transforms from Austenite to a mixture of ferrite and cementite. With austenitic stainless … Continue reading →

Investment casting, often called lost wax process casting, is regarded as a precision casting process to fabricate near net-shaped metal parts from almost any alloy and is typically used for the production of components requiring complex, often thin-wall castings. There … Continue reading →

The major advantages of investment casting are extreme versatility, cost effectiveness and the precise dimension control it offers. It saves time and labor and ensures error-free, accurate dimensional parts, giving designers and engineers more flexibility. Versitility The versatility is the … Continue reading →

Investment casting got its name from the technique utilized by the Egyptians over 4,000 years ago to produce jewelry. Since gold is an investment, casting gold can be considered investment casting. Investment casting is used to produce jewelry and high-precision … Continue reading →

Molybdenum is used efficiently and economically in alloy steel & iron to –improve hardenability –reduce temper embrittlement –resist hydrogen attack & sulphide stress cracking –increase elevated temperature strength –improve weldability, especially in high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) . In … Continue reading →

Specifications define a couple hundred stainless steel grades, differing from one another mainly in chemical composition. Composition is a fundamental characteristic of stainless steel because it determines the alloy’s corrosion resistance, microstructural phase balance, mechanical properties, and physical properties. The … Continue reading →

Duplex stainless steels are called “duplex” because they have a two-phase microstructure consisting of grains of ferritic and austenitic stainless steel. The picture shows the yellow austenitic phase as “islands” surrounded by the blue ferritic phase. When duplex stainless steel … Continue reading →

One of the features that characterize stainless steels is a minimum 10.5% chromium content as the principal alloying element. Four major categories of wrought stainless steel, based on metallurgical structure, are austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and precipitation hardening. Cast stainless-steel grades … Continue reading →

During a project on the development of sensors for the powder metallurgy industry, NIST has developed a technique for production of nitrogenated stainless steel alloys with enhanced corrosion and mechanical properties. Discussions with metal powder producers are underway to develop … Continue reading →